A crime scene is place where an offence has been committed and the investigators carefully examine or search the area in order to find probative evidence. The purpose of crime scene investigation is to establish the possible link suspect, victim, witnesses in relation to criminal event.
In the majority of cases such as homicidal, suicidal and accidental, the crime scene investigators as well as law enforcement officers play a significant role in determining proper collection as well as preservation of physical evidence which might be accidently left by the criminal. Proper documentation and photography of a crime scene should be done by specialised and well-trained personnel that could help them to reconstruct the crime scene.
A well-trained crime scene investigator (Investigating Officer) must following basic steps in order to perform proper investigation to maintain the chain of custody:
a. Photography/Videography (Over view, Mid-range and close up photography)
b. Note Taking (Complete description of the crime scene)
c. Sketching of the Crime Scene (Rough and Final Sketch)
a. Strip or line search method
b. Grid Search Method
c. Spiral Search pattern
d. Wheel or Ray search pattern
e. Quadrant or Zone Search pattern
a. Victim’s Clothing
b. Fingernail Scapings
c. Hairs (head or pubic hairs)
d. Gun/Bullets recovered from the crime scene or victim’s body
e. Hand Swabs from Shooting victim (for gunshot residue analysis)
f. Semen/Vaginal/Anal/oral Swabs in case of sex related crimes for DNA Profiling
g. Blood/Viscera Samples in case of poising cases
h. Debris collection in case of arson/fire cases
a. EDTA for blood samples
b. Air dry method
c. NaCl Solution for preserving viscera
a. Unbreakable plastic pill bottles with pressure lids (hair, glass fibers)
b. Manila envelops
c. Screw cap glass vials
d. EDTA tubes for fresh blood
e. Sealable plastic bags
f. Druggist Fold
g. Paper bags
h. FTA card for collecting DNA sample
a. Nature of evidence
b. Name of the investigating officer
c. Person collected the evidence
d. Initials of the investigating officers
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Eli Richardson | Sep 8,2021
I found it interesting when you talked about how crime scene experts and how they investigate one. In my opinion, it must be tough to deal with such intense criminal scenes. I believe if I were to hire a crime scene investigator, I’d look for a highly trained one to provide a quality job. Thanks for the information on how an investigator evaluates a crime scene.